What do squawk codes in aviation communications assist with?

Squawk codes are essential for identifying an aircraft to air traffic control (ATC). When a pilot is instructed by ATC to set a specific squawk code on their transponder, it allows the radar system to uniquely track that particular aircraft among many others in the airspace. This identification enhances situational awareness for both pilots and controllers, ensuring safe and efficient management of air traffic. By entering the designated squawk code, the aircraft becomes visible on radar with that specific code linked to its flight information, enabling ATC to communicate effectively and monitor the aircraft's movements.

The other options do not accurately describe the purpose of squawk codes. They are not used to determine the type of aircraft, as various planes can share the same code. Additionally, squawk codes do not convey departure and arrival times or indicate weather patterns, which are handled through other communication methods and data sources in aviation.